How Many Days of Indonesia’s Oil Stockpile? Here’s the Facts on Indonesia’s Fuel Reserves and Challenges

Jakarta, Pintu News – Global geopolitical tensions and soaring world oil prices have once again brought attention to the condition of Indonesia’s oil stocks. In the midst of global competition for energy supplies, oil reserves or fuel stocks become one of the important indicators of a country’s energy security. Currently, Indonesia’s oil stocks are said to only be in the range of around 21-23 days, a figure that is much lower than the standard energy reserves in many developed countries.

The global oil price spike, which exceeded US$100 per barrel, also emphasized the importance of strategic energy reserves. In a global supply crisis, countries with large energy stocks are usually able to maintain economic stability and domestic energy distribution longer than countries with limited reserves.

1. How long are Indonesia’s current oil stocks?

Indonesia currently only has operational stocks of fuel and crude oil that are estimated to be sufficient for around 21-23 days of national consumption. These reserves are mostly operational stocks owned by business entities such as PT Pertamina, not strategic energy reserves prepared directly by the state.

This means that these stocks are used to maintain daily fuel distribution and will continue to rotate with incoming supplies. In other words, it is not a long-term emergency stock that can be used during a global supply crisis.

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2. International Energy Reserve Standard

When compared to international standards, Indonesia’s oil reserves are low. Many developed countries follow the International Energy Agency (IEA) rules that require member countries to have oil reserves equivalent to at least 90 days of net imports.

These reserves are stored as Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). Its function is not for routine distribution needs, but as a cushion in the event of a global energy crisis, geopolitical conflict, or disruption of oil trade routes.

With such large reserves, developed countries have more time to regulate energy policy in the event of international supply disruptions.

3. Why are Indonesia’s oil reserves still limited?

One of the main factors for Indonesia’s limited oil stocks is the limited energy storage infrastructure. The construction of oil storage facilities requires large investments, large tracts of land, and complex logistics systems.

In addition, Indonesia has been relying more on a routine supply system rather than building strategic energy reserves on a large scale. This has made national fuel stocks function more as distribution operational stocks, rather than the country’s emergency reserves.

4. National Energy Buffer Reserve Discourse

The government has actually designed a policy to strengthen energy security through Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 96 of 2024 concerning Energy Buffer Reserves (CPE). This policy aims to build a national energy reserve system that can be used in the event of global supply disruptions.

But to date, the implementation of the policy still faces various challenges. Some parties consider that there is no clarity regarding the location of energy reserve storage or the amount of energy stock that has been successfully collected under the scheme.

This makes the discourse on strategic energy reserves often re-emerge whenever there is world oil price volatility or geopolitical conflicts that affect global energy supply.

5. Risks if Global Oil Supply is Disrupted

In the event of a long-term disruption in oil supply, countries with limited energy stocks are at risk of facing great pressure. The impact could be in the form of fuel distribution disruptions, rising domestic energy prices, and pressure on the industrial and transportation sectors.

Under normal circumstances, a stock of 21-23 days is manageable as energy supplies continue to come in through imports or domestic production. But under conditions of global crisis, thin reserves can make countries more vulnerable to international energy market volatility.

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Reference

• Azura Yumna Ramadani Purnama/Bloomberg Technoz. The World Struggles for Fuel, What’s the News on Indonesia’s Energy Buffer Reserve Discourse? Accessed today’s date.
• Featured Image: Bloomberg